Evaluación de instrumentos de medición de la intención de renuncia: un análisis comparativo de escalas validadas
Autores/as
- Carina Cuevas Lopez Hochschule Ansbach - University of Applied Sciences
-
Juan A. Marin-Garcia
ROGLE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5416-3938
- Juan Martinez-Tomas DOE-Univesitat Politecnica de Valencia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21678/jb.2025.2581Palabras clave:
intención de rotación, escalas de medición, estudios de validación, servicio público, evaluación de escalas, desvinculación laboral, intención de renuncia, comportamiento organizacionalResumen
Este estudio presenta una revisión sistemática de escalas de medición de la intención de rotación laboral, con un enfoque en la identificación de instrumentos validados adecuados para contextos del servicio público y entornos de habla hispana. A través del análisis de artículos indexados en las bases de datos WoS y Scopus, se identificaron y evaluaron cuatro escalas principales de medición: el índice de permanencia/renuncia (Bluedorn, 1982), la escala de un ítem de Hom y Griffeth (1998), la escala de cinco ítems de Crossley (2007) y la escala de estados proximales de desvinculación (Hom et al., 2012). La revisión abarcó el análisis de marcos teóricos, enfoques metodológicos y estudios de validación, con especial atención a la validez de constructo y a las adaptaciones transculturales. Los hallazgos indican una evolución histórica desde enfoques simples y directos de medición hacia marcos multidimensionales. El análisis comparativo de los ítems reveló enfoques diversos en cuanto a la delimitación temporal y los formatos de respuesta, con implicancias para la precisión de la medición y su utilidad práctica. Si bien las escalas tradicionales se centran principalmente en intenciones inmediatas de renuncia (tema central de este artículo), los instrumentos más recientes incorporan factores contextuales más amplios y estados motivacionales. No obstante, se identificó una importante brecha en cuanto a instrumentos validados en español y adaptados al sector público. Esta revisión ofrece una base para la selección de herramientas de medición adecuadas y subraya la necesidad de desarrollar más estudios de validación en contextos culturales y organizacionales específicos.
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