Critical Factors for the Development of the Chancay Special Economic Zone and its Logistic Articulation with the Megaport

Abstract

This article develops a comprehensive, critical, and forward-looking analysis of the strategic and conditioning factors that may influence the design, implementation, and consolidation of the Chancay Special Economic Zone (SEZ), considering its necessary logistical articulation with the Port of Chancay as a transformative axis of Peru’s foreign trade. For this purpose, a systematized review of academic literature, regulatory documents, technical reports, and comparative experiences of special economic zones in Latin America, Asia, and Europe is conducted in order to identify common patterns, success factors, recurring risks, and lessons applicable to the Peruvian case. Accordingly, the study examines four fundamental dimensions: (i) the regulatory framework, (ii) logistics infrastructure, (iii) fiscal and customs incentives, and (iv) regional and international connectivity, integrating approaches from territorial competitiveness, multilevel governance, sustainability, and the attraction of foreign direct investment.

Given that the Chancay SEZ remains under planning and has not yet produced consolidated empirical evidence, the article does not aim to validate hypotheses through field-based techniques. Instead, it seeks to establish a solid conceptual and analytical basis that may guide future applied research and inform public policy formulation to support its implementation. Finally, preliminary reflections are offered on the potential challenges, opportunities, and enabling conditions that could position the SEZ as a specialized and competitive logistics hub, effectively integrated into national port systems, productive chains, and global trade flows.