Deportability and manifestations of suffering of immigrants and their families
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21678/apuntes.84.1014Keywords:
return migration, suffering, deportation regime, resilience, Mexico, United StatesAbstract
In this study, I examine the way in which deportation inflicts different forms of suffering upon both immigrants themselves and their families. Drawing on a series of open-ended interviews with Mexican immigrants in the United States, as well as children of immigrants, and deportees, I examine not only the subjective condition of immigrants’ deportability status but also how living in a constant state of fear affects every member of the family. In each of the cases, I document the circumstances that contribute
to the suffering of immigrants and their families. Finally, although all the stories presented here were forged through pain and anxiety, ultimately, these narratives demonstrate resistance and resilience within the migrant
community.
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References
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Anderson, J., & Solís, N. (2014). Los otros dreamers. Ciudad de México: Offset Santiago.
Armenta, A. (2012). From Sheriff's Deputies to Immigration Officers: Screening Immigrant Status in a Tennessee Jail. Law & Policy, 34(2), 191-210.
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Brabeck, K., & Xu, Q. (2010). The Impact of Detention and Deportation on Latino Immigrant Children and Families: A Quantitative Exploration. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 32(3), 341-361. doi 10.1177/0739986310374053
Brotherton, D. C., & Barrios, L. (2011). Banished to the Homeland: Dominican Deportees and Their Stories of Exile. Nueva York: Columbia University Press.
Cassin, B. (2016). Nostalgia: When are we Ever at Home? (trad. de. P.-A. Brault). Nueva York: Fordham University Press.
Chomsky, A. (2014). How Immigration Became Illegal. Boston: Beacon Press.
Cohen, D. (2011). Braceros: Migrant Citizens and Transnational Subjects in the Postwar United States and México. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press.
Countin, S. (2000). Legalizing Moves: Salvadoran Immigrants Struggling for U. S. Residency. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.
De Genova, N. (2002). Migrant «Illegality» and Deportability in Everyday Life. Annual Review of Anthropology, 31, 419-447.
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Dreby, J. (2012). The Burden of Deportation on Children in Mexican Immigrant Families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4), 829-845.
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Menjívar, C. (2011). The Power of the Law: Central Americans’ Legality and Everyday Life in Phoenix, Arizona. Latino Studies, 9(4), 377-395.
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Price, M., & Breese, D. (2016). Unintended Return: U. S. Deportations and the Fractious Politics of Mobility for Latinos. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(2), 366-376.
Rosas, G. (2006). The Managed Violences of the Borderlands: Treacherous Geographies, Policeability, and the Politics of Race. Latino Studies, 4(4), 401-418.
Ryan, L. (2008). Navigating the Emotional Terrain of Families «Here» and «There»: Women, Migration and the Management of Emotions. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 29(3), 299-313. doi 10.1080/07256860802169238
Sadiqi, F., & Ennaji, M. (2004). The Impact of Male Migration from Morocco to Europe on Women: A Gender Approach. Finisterra, 39(77), 59-76.
Salgado de Snyder, N. V. (1993). Family Life Across the Border: Mexican Wives Left Behind. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 15(3), 391-401.
Sayad, A. (2004). The Suffering of the Inmigrant (trad. de D. Macey). Cambridge: Polity Press Ltd.
Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. Londres: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Stumpf, J. (2006). The Crimmigration Crisis: Immigrants, Crime, and Sovereign Power. American University Law Review, 56(2), 367-419.
Suárez, M. J. (2016). De ida y de vuelta: el impacto de la política migratoria estadounidense en México y su población retornada. Carta Económica Regional, (114).
Svašek, M. (2008). Who Cares? Families and Feelings in Movement. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 29(3), 213-230. doi 10.1080/07256860802169170
Tapias, M. (2006). Emotions and the Intergenerational Embodiment of Social Suffering in Rural Bolivia. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 20(3), 399-415. doi 10.1525/maq.2006.20.3.399
Torres, M. R. (2018). A Crisis of Rights and Responsibility: Feminist Geopolitical Perspectives on Latin American Refugees and Migrants. Gender, Place & Culture, 25(1), 13-36.
U. S. Inmigration and Customs Enforcement, ICE. (2018). Secure Communities. ICE. Recuperado de https://www.ice.gov/secure-communities
Wheatley, C. (2011). Push Back: US Deportation Policy and the Reincorporation of Involuntary Return Migrants in Mexico. The Latin Americanist, 55(4), 35-60.
Wilkinson, I. (2005). Suffering: A Sociological Introduction. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Wilkinson, I., & Kleinman, A. (2016). A Passion for Society: How we Think about Human Suffering. Oakland: University of California Press.
Achotegui, J. (2009). El síndrome de Ulises: síndrome del inmigrante con estrés crónico y múltiple. Emigrar en el siglo XXI. Barcelona: El Mundo de la Mente.
Ahmed, S., Appelbaum, A., & Jordan, R. (2017). The Human Coast of IIRIRA: Stories from Individuals Impacted by the Immigration Detention System. Journal on Migration and Human Security, 5(1), 194-216.
Anderson, J., & Solís, N. (2014). Los otros dreamers. Ciudad de México: Offset Santiago.
Armenta, A. (2012). From Sheriff's Deputies to Immigration Officers: Screening Immigrant Status in a Tennessee Jail. Law & Policy, 34(2), 191-210.
Bauman, Z. (2004). Wasted Lives: Modernity and its Outcasts. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
Becerril, A., & Ballinas, V. (8 de febrero de 2017). La deportación de mexicanos podría llegar hasta 500 mil por año. La Jornada. Recuperado de http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2017/02/08/politica/004n1pol
Berger Cardoso, J., Randle Hamilton, E., Rodríguez, N., Eschbach, K., & Hagan, J. (2016). Deporting Fathers: Involuntary Transnational Families and Intent to Remigrate among Salvadoran Deportees. International Migration Review, 50(1), 197-230.
Boehm, D. A. (2016). Returned: Going and Coming in an Age of Deportation. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
Brabeck, K., & Xu, Q. (2010). The Impact of Detention and Deportation on Latino Immigrant Children and Families: A Quantitative Exploration. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 32(3), 341-361. doi 10.1177/0739986310374053
Brotherton, D. C., & Barrios, L. (2011). Banished to the Homeland: Dominican Deportees and Their Stories of Exile. Nueva York: Columbia University Press.
Cassin, B. (2016). Nostalgia: When are we Ever at Home? (trad. de. P.-A. Brault). Nueva York: Fordham University Press.
Chomsky, A. (2014). How Immigration Became Illegal. Boston: Beacon Press.
Cohen, D. (2011). Braceros: Migrant Citizens and Transnational Subjects in the Postwar United States and México. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press.
Countin, S. (2000). Legalizing Moves: Salvadoran Immigrants Struggling for U. S. Residency. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.
De Genova, N. (2002). Migrant «Illegality» and Deportability in Everyday Life. Annual Review of Anthropology, 31, 419-447.
De Genova, N., & Peutz, N. (Eds.). (2010). The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space, and the Freedom of Movement. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Donato, K. M., & Armenta, A. (2011). What We Know About Unauthorized Migration. Annual Review of Sociology, 37(1), 529-543.
Dreby, J. (2006). Honor and Virtue: Mexican Parenting in the Transnational Context. Gender & Society, 20(1), 32-59.
Dreby, J. (2010). Divided by Border: Mexican Migrants and their Children. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Dreby, J. (2012). The Burden of Deportation on Children in Mexican Immigrant Families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4), 829-845.
Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Escandell, X., & Tapias, M. (2010). Transnational Lives, Travelling Emotions and Idioms of Distress Among Bolivian Migrants in Spain. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(3), 407-423. doi 10.1080/13691830903266093
Foley, N. (2014). Mexicans in the Making of America. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Golash-Boza, T. (2012). Immigration Nation: Raids, Detentions, and Deportations in Post-9/11 America. Boulder: CO: Paradigm Publisher.
Golash-Boza, T. (2015). Deported: Immigrant Policing, Disposable Labor, and Global Capitalism. Nueva York: New York University Press.
Golash-Boza, T. (2016). Racialized and Gendered Mass Deportation and the Crisis of Capitalism. 2016, 22(1), 7. doi 10.5195/jwsr.2016.610
Golash-Boza, T., & Hondagneu-Sotelo, P. (2013). Latino Immigrant Men and the Deportation Crisis: A Gendered Racial Removal Program. Latino Studies, 11(3), 272-292.
Hernández-León, R., & Zúñiga, V. (2016). Introduction to the Special Issue: Contemporary Return Migration from the United Stated to Mexico. Focus on Children, Youth, Schools and Families. Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, 32(2), 171-198.
Hesse-Biber, S. N. (Ed.) (2014). Feminist Research Practice: A Primer. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Hipsman, F., Gómez-Aguinaga, B., & Capps, R. (2016). DACA at Four: Participation in the Deferred Action Program and Impacts on Recipients. Recuperado de http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/daca-four-participation-deferred-action-program-and-impacts-recipients?gclid=CL32-7rv_NECFYaCswodo4EETA
Hron, M. (2009). Translating Pain: Immigrant Suffering in Literature and Culture. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
King, R. D., Massoglia, M., & Uggen, C. (2012). Employment and Exile: U. S. Criminal Deportations, 1908-2005. American Journal of Sociology, 117(6), 1786-1825.
Maldonado, M. M., Licona, A. C., & Hendricks, S. (2016). Latin@ Immobilities and Altermobilities Within the U. S. Deportability Regime. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(2), 321-329.
Massey, D. S. (2007). Categorically Unequal: The American Stratification System. Nueva York: Rusell Sage.
Menjívar, C. (2011). The Power of the Law: Central Americans’ Legality and Everyday Life in Phoenix, Arizona. Latino Studies, 9(4), 377-395.
Menjívar, C., & Abrego, L. (2012). Legal Violence: Immigration Law and the Lives of Central American Immigrants. American Journal of Sociology, 117(5), 1380-1421.
Otros Dreams en Acción, ODA. (s. f.). ODA. Recuperado de http://www.odamexico.org
Price, M., & Breese, D. (2016). Unintended Return: U. S. Deportations and the Fractious Politics of Mobility for Latinos. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(2), 366-376.
Rosas, G. (2006). The Managed Violences of the Borderlands: Treacherous Geographies, Policeability, and the Politics of Race. Latino Studies, 4(4), 401-418.
Ryan, L. (2008). Navigating the Emotional Terrain of Families «Here» and «There»: Women, Migration and the Management of Emotions. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 29(3), 299-313. doi 10.1080/07256860802169238
Sadiqi, F., & Ennaji, M. (2004). The Impact of Male Migration from Morocco to Europe on Women: A Gender Approach. Finisterra, 39(77), 59-76.
Salgado de Snyder, N. V. (1993). Family Life Across the Border: Mexican Wives Left Behind. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 15(3), 391-401.
Sayad, A. (2004). The Suffering of the Inmigrant (trad. de D. Macey). Cambridge: Polity Press Ltd.
Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. Londres: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Stumpf, J. (2006). The Crimmigration Crisis: Immigrants, Crime, and Sovereign Power. American University Law Review, 56(2), 367-419.
Suárez, M. J. (2016). De ida y de vuelta: el impacto de la política migratoria estadounidense en México y su población retornada. Carta Económica Regional, (114).
Svašek, M. (2008). Who Cares? Families and Feelings in Movement. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 29(3), 213-230. doi 10.1080/07256860802169170
Tapias, M. (2006). Emotions and the Intergenerational Embodiment of Social Suffering in Rural Bolivia. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 20(3), 399-415. doi 10.1525/maq.2006.20.3.399
Torres, M. R. (2018). A Crisis of Rights and Responsibility: Feminist Geopolitical Perspectives on Latin American Refugees and Migrants. Gender, Place & Culture, 25(1), 13-36.
U. S. Inmigration and Customs Enforcement, ICE. (2018). Secure Communities. ICE. Recuperado de https://www.ice.gov/secure-communities
Wheatley, C. (2011). Push Back: US Deportation Policy and the Reincorporation of Involuntary Return Migrants in Mexico. The Latin Americanist, 55(4), 35-60.
Wilkinson, I. (2005). Suffering: A Sociological Introduction. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Wilkinson, I., & Kleinman, A. (2016). A Passion for Society: How we Think about Human Suffering. Oakland: University of California Press.
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Published
2019-04-26
How to Cite
Montes, V. (2019). Deportability and manifestations of suffering of immigrants and their families. Apuntes. Social Sciences Journal, 46(84), 5–35. https://doi.org/10.21678/apuntes.84.1014
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