Vol. 53 No. 101 (2026): Apuntes 101

This issue brings together eight articles converging on a common question: how do hierarchies and institutional arrangements shape economic and social opportunities in Latin America? In the first thematic axis, three articles explore the mechanisms that produce and reproduce inequality. Corporán, Torres Gómez, and Gallur Santorun examine poverty along the Dominican-Haitian border as a system of exclusion sustained by racialization and the denial of African ancestry. This attention to the mechanisms that reproduce inequality also runs through the work of López Rivera, Manrique Chaparro, and Kalmanovitz on "gota a gota" (drop-by-drop) lending in Bogotá, where financial exclusion is explained by the interplay of structural barriers, cognitive biases, and trust networks. From a different vantage point on social structure, Geymonat and Sahagian trace the trajectory of the Strauch group in Uruguay and show how kinship functioned as a technology of accumulation and entrepreneurial resilience.

In the second thematic axis, five articles interrogate the relationship between institutions and development. León Mendoza estimates the effect of corruption on regional growth during the Covid-19 pandemic; drawing on the case of China, Valdiglesias argues that political stability's contribution to growth depends on its continuity. A historical perspective offers counterpoints to this conversation: Yarango Velásquez proposes a historiographical assessment of the Royal Treasury during the wars of independence in Peru, and Palma documents how consular corruption enabled the entry of "undesired immigrants" into Chile and Peru in the early twentieth century. Sordo and Olvera Gudiño examine the dispute between French and American academic traditions in northeastern Mexico.

In Tinta y Cátedra, Torres García speaks with Professor Rory Miller about his career as a specialist in the business history of Latin America. The conversation revisits the consolidation of the discipline in Peru, the challenges of archival work, and the prospects opening up in the field. Miller warns of documentary limitations and the disposition a business historian must have to address new questions about the region—questions that begin with the reconstruction of sources. His reflections echo the cases presented in the articles on the Strauch Group in Uruguay, migration, and colonial taxation.

The issue closes with the Spanish translation of the recent article by Perochena and Vergara on the realignment of the new right in Latin America.